Problems facing air zimbabwe and how to solve them free essay sample

Air Zimbabwe, the significant carrier of Zimbabwe has been confronting enduring misfortunes for as far back as decade (since 1994), because of different reasons some of which has lead to the most elevated recorded degree of work turnover in the nation (CEO’s report in Zimbabwe Review). This has been inferable from factors like poor administration from the subordinates and furthermore terrible exposure from the district. Additionally absence of appropriate and state-of-the-art innovation has a contributing variable towards the misfortunes. Poor cost cutting methodologies Air Zimbabwe has been rehearsing poor cost cutting techniques. This has seen it pulling out of rewarding courses which secured a considerable measure of their expenses for instance the Harare to DRC, Harare to Dar Es Salaam, Harare to Lilongwe and furthermore Harare to Nairobi courses in their offer to reduce expenses (Zimbabwe Review). Albeit as indicated by the CEO, Dr. P. Chikumba hauling the trips out was a brief measure attributable to the operational difficulties, absence of appropriate administration and following of progress made them into feeling that they were in an ideal situation without the courses. We will compose a custom exposition test on Issues confronting air zimbabwe and how to illuminate them or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This prompted misfortunes since the courses they had were not as beneficial and ready to meet all the expenses being brought about by the carrier. This likewise prompted the staff turnover; laborers discovered that the organization was presently neglecting to respect their obligations so it was simpler for them to go out for greener fields. Guideline and authorizations Regulations and assents from significant aircrafts likewise add to the airline’s enduring obligation and somewhat work turnover. There is no carrier that makes due on its own similarly as there is no island that can get by all alone. Air Zimbabwe has been closed out from different associations and furthermore from the IATA because of approvals from different nations (Zimbabwe Review). Despite the fact that this has to do with the outside condition it is constraining its odds of ever getting in rewarding courses that promise them productive returns. In many occasions air Zimbabwe’s planes are precluded from entering certain air space as its planes are considered risky and furthermore temperamental. So as to fulfill the clients all they currently do is to take a shorter course to the center point nation (I. e. South African) and the travelers are taken to their different goals from that point. This is fairly not worthwhile for Zimbabwe since there is less pay contrasted with the occasion wherein air Zimbabwe shipped the travelers itself. For this situation year on year its misfortunes increment as an ever increasing number of nations are regarding the planes via air Zimbabwe dangerous to consume their air space. Overwhelming obligations Past obligations have been frequenting the aircraft since it has been neglecting to respect them as right on time as 1994 and at present the vast majority of its income is being ascribed to the installment of the obligations (Zim obligation March, 2012). This has leaded it into being kicked out of IATA in the wake of having neglected to respect an immense obligation from IATA of about US$140 mil and US$ 35 mil worth of wages and pay rates. Its endeavors to go local in organization with Air Malawi, Air Mauritius, Zambian aviation routes Tanzania aviation routes and Kenya have come to nothing as the carriers dread absence of viable commitment from the aircraft since it is in enormous obligation (newzimbabwe. com 2012). Aside from the way that the carrier had a colossal obligation, its inability to go into associations was additionally because of air Zimbabwe’s absence of spellbound mechanical relations with different aircrafts. Since the aircraft has no accomplices the carrier will in general compensation a great deal regarding air space and landing costs which is prompting them obtaining misfortunes year on year. As of late Airline settled an obligation of 1. 5 million US$ to discharge an appropriated plane on London Gatwick Airport. Plane was seized by American Aviation firm and now Air Zimbabwe trips to South Africa are additionally not continued in light of the fact that administration has a dread over loan bosses that they may appropriate their planes (Zim obligation March, 2012) Lack of planes Air Zimbabwe is presently incapable to work a few courses because of their absence of airplanes. With everything taken into account the association possesses 10 planes some of which have been lying inert in holders because of absence of fuel and fixes which is driving the aircraft to turn to different procedures. For instance; air Zimbabwe is renting airplanes since they have pulled back theirs from the essential goals (Newsday 2012). Air Zimbabwe is renting Zambezi carriers to support the Harare to Johannesburg course and as of late they have additionally included the Harare Victoria Falls course also. This implies Zambezi carrier is working those courses in the interest of air Zimbabwe at an expense. This is somewhat costly as all the expenses acquired by the aircraft in agreement to the courses are met via air Zimbabwe. Despite the fact that this is an honorable move the carrier is confronting significant expenses prompting their lasting misfortunes. Absence of cutting edge/new innovation According to (CEO’s report in Zimbabwe Review), air Zimbabwe is currently working with old and obsolete innovation in contrast with different carriers. Its hardware is presently exceptionally old and ugly that clients question the wellbeing of the planes prompting them getting onto different planes and furthermore evading from air Zimbabwe. Absence of selection to new innovation possesses to their inability to meet the expenses for obtaining the innovation. This has driven air Zimbabwe into purchasing unacceptable merchandise. A model is the point at which the administration of Air Zimbabwe dropped inside from Avis insides with lost $250,000 and supplanted the inside with rather, second hand inside from American general providers. This shows poor administration and nearsighted view from the administration since they neglected to predict the misfortune and furthermore the inadequate products they purchased would not keep going long. This absence of adjustment to new innovation is prompting the association being uncompetitive in the market. This is so on the grounds that the market is currently overflowed with rivals who have innovatively propelled gear which is indicating productivity and serious for example the South African aviation routes is utilizing 21st century innovation making it appealing to the clients. (newzimbabwe. com 2012) Flight undoings Rampant dropping of flights is likewise a significant test that has constrained numerous flyers to decide on other specialist organizations. Since the president doesn't have his own private plane he turns to utilizing the national plane for his utilization if he is leaving the nation (newzimbabwe. com 2011). This implies when he is going out the aircraft defers all the appointments for the day bringing about individuals deferring their excursions subsequently losing confidence in the carrier. Since individuals would have lost confidence in air Zimbabwe the carrier will in general lose salary and income and sine they face high fixed costs everything they can do is keep confronting constant misfortunes. Government overheads (consideration on different offices disregarding the business) Since air Zimbabwe is a parastatal there is requirement for the legislature to endowments for it to work appropriately (Newsday 2011). Anyway the legislature isn't doing as such since it is confronting genuine overheads. Additionally the administration is ordered to think about the government assistance of the general public so there is thought of different segments for instance the rural division, the wellbeing area and the instruction part. This would then leave lacking assets to endowments for the aircraft accordingly its proceeded with decrease throughout the years. In such cases, those with imperative abilities that is, engineers, budgetary administrators and even bookkeepers whose occupations are not fixed in the carrier business search somewhere else for work, there had been a genuine turnover in those offices as the individuals are not being enough compensated. (Newsday 2011). High work turnover Air Zimbabwe is additionally confronting a high work turnover because of poor administration procedures, neglecting to propel their laborers to remain and furthermore they do not have a decent compensation system prompting individuals going a very long time without a compensation. Air Zimbabwe is additionally unfit to fulfill the requirements of its laborers for its laborers don't have plunge motivators. This has lead to genuine mechanical activities that are unfortunate for such a major association like air Zimbabwe. As indicated by a contextual investigation done via (Air Zimbabwe Overstaffed 2012), air Zimbabwe’s inability to pay laborers prompted strikes which saw around 400 specialists striking out of which 50 of them were pilots and it prompted the planes being grounded. Without the pilots there was no real way to ship the booked travelers so they needed to drop every one of their flights and individuals lost confidents in the carrier through and through. Proposals to the up to issues confronting the business In request for air Zimbabwe to return to its feet and begin being serious genuine suggestions ought to be set up. As a CEO of the aircraft proposals to be made would be founded on the observational model considered by other carrier businesses that confronted comparable difficulties. Conservation Air Zimbabwe utilizes more than 1400 laborers some of which are either not profitable at all or who don't fit the determination rules. In such cases there is a need to complete a human asset review where there would be evaluation of personnel’s specialized ability to run the aircraft (digitaljournal. com). In this manner there is simple cutting of superfluous workforce leaving just ability ones fit for taking care of the business. Representative inspiration (on both money related and non budgetary motivators) It is a reality that air Zimbabwe representatives are not spurred at all which is prompting their low working resolve (CEO of air Zimbabwe). There is have to propel the laborers by accommodating their non budgetary need just as compensating them decently and seriously so that there would be decreased turnover and furthermore protect a high working spirit. As indicated by (www. insiderzim. com) there is requirement for serious compensation for the te

Why the New Hampshire Primary Is so Important

Why the New Hampshire Primary Is so Important Not long after Hillary Clinton reported to the world Im running for presidentâ in the 2016 political race, herâ campaign clarified what her following stages would be: She would head out to New Hampshire, where she won in 2008, well in front of the primaries there to put forth her defense straightforwardly to voters. So whats the serious deal about New Hampshire, an express that proposals up just four constituent votes in the presidential political race? For what reason does everybody - the competitors, the media, the American open - give such a great amount of consideration to The Granite State? Here are four reasons why the New Hampshire primaries are so significant. The New Hampshire Primaries Are First New Hampshire holds its primaries before any other individual. The state ensures its status as first in the country by keeping up a law that permits New Hampshires top races authority to move the date prior if another state attempts to pre-empt its essential. The gatherings, as well, can rebuff expresses that attempt to move their primaries before New Hampshires. So the state isâ a demonstrating ground for crusades. The victors catch some early, and significant, energy in the race for their partys presidential designation. They become moment leaders, as it were. The washouts are compelled to reexamine their crusades. New Hampshire Can Make or Break a Candidate Competitors who dont do well in New Hampshire are compelled to really investigate their battles. As President John F. Kennedy broadly said, If they dont love you in March, April and May, they wont adore you in November.â A few competitors quit after the New Hampshire essential, as President Lyndon Johnson did in 1968 subsequent to winning just a limited triumph against U.S. Sen. Eugene McCarthy of Minnesota. The sitting president came surprisingly close to losing the New Hampshire essential - an uncommon disappointment - in what Walter Cronkite called a significant misfortune. For other people, a success in the New Hampshire essential concretes the way to the White House. In 1952, Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower made after his companions got him on the voting form. Eisenhower proceeded to win the White House against Democrat Estes Kefauver that year. The World Watches New Hampshire Presidential governmental issues has become an onlooker sport in the United States. Americans love a pony race, and that is the thing that the media present: Endless popular assessments of public sentiment and meetings with voters in the approach Election Day. The New Hampshire essential is to political addicts what Opening Day is to Major League baseball fans. In other words: Its a huge deal.â The Media Watch New Hampshire The main essential of the presidential political race season used to permit the telecom companies a preliminary run at detailing results. The systems contend to be first to call the race. In Martin Plissners book The Control Room: How Television Calls the Shots in Presidential Elections,â the February 1964 New Hampshire essential was depicted as aâ mediaâ circus and, in this way, the focal point of the political worldsâ attention.â Over a thousand journalists, makers, experts and bolster individuals of different types dropped on New Hampshire, its voters and its shippers to present the extraordinary establishment they have since the time delighted in ... All through the 1960s and 1970s, New Hampshire was the main test in each pattern of the systems speed in pronouncing champs of decisions. While systems keep on contending with one another to be first to call the race, they are eclipsed by computerized media in announcing the outcomes first. The development of online news locales has just served to add to the festival like air of news inclusion in the state.

How to Write an Effective Darwin Essay

How to Write an Effective Darwin EssayIf you are a college student or a high school student then you must have already heard of the most famous essay of all time, Darwin's Origin of Species. Darwin made the same mistake that most of us do at some point in our lives; he tries to get something from nothing and starts trying to make his thoughts clear.As I wrote in the first paragraph, I do not believe that Darwin could come up with the Origin of Species himself because he was an amateur. Therefore, the best method of doing it would be to have experts writing it for you. There are many different types of Darwin essay samples.One of the first things that you need to do is to find the best one for your essay. The perfect guide to this is to look through the online resources that will help you write your own unique essay.You must begin by finding out which type of guide you want to use. For example, you can read an essay from the perspective of the geologist or the biologist. You can even read one from the perspective of the psychologist.You can also find an essay that has lessons that illustrate the different points that the Darwin essay samples can illustrate. This will definitely help you learn how to effectively write your own essay.When you are looking for essays to study then you must know that there are many resources out there that will help you learn about the various types of essays. One of the most useful guides to use is the Official Guide to the Darwin Essay Sample.This book will help you better understand what the Darwin essay samples are so that you can better understand the essay. It will also help you learn how to write your own unique essay.In conclusion, if you want to be able to create your own unique essay, then you must first look at the different types of essays and the guide to this. By finding this guide, you will be able to write the essay that you want to create.

Three Factors That Lead to Teen Suicide - 613 Words

Teen suicide is a tragic event that happens all the time. â€Å"According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, suicide is the third leading cause of death in kids 15-24† (Nami). Teenage years are a hard and trying time for kids. The kids have to deal with all the problems of transitioning into adulthood along with everything else. â€Å"On average, adolescents aged 15-19 years have an annual suicide rate of about 1 in 10,000 people† (â€Å"adolescent suicide†). Many factors may be the culprit of why teens commit suicide. The three main reasons teens commit suicide is depression, substance abuse, and psychological disorders. One of the major causes of teenage suicides is depression. â€Å"Approximately 75 percent of people who commit suicide suffer from depression, according to the Harris county psychiatric center at the University of Texas† (Shaw). Depression can give teenagers a feeling of worthlessness and hopelessness. Many people are put on daily medications to help with depression. Some people are hospitalized because the effects of depression are so bad. Parents need to recognize and be aware of the symptoms of depression in teenagers. Teenagers often plan suicide silently without anyone ever realizing it. Depression can be especially harmful to teens that experience school or home violence, feel left out from peers and a reduction in social life. Substance abuse is another major cause in of teen suicides. This is due to teenagers being under the influenceShow MoreRelatedConsidering The Causes Behind Increased Teenage Suicide.1536 Words   |  7 Pages Considering the Causes Behind Increased Teenage Suicide Yesterday, 16-year-old Rachel decided to commit suicide-- an all too common increased trend in America as suicide is the third leading cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds (â€Å"Teen Suicide Is Preventable†). Rachel felt like she could not handle her life anymore. Her parents were in the process of getting a divorce, she was being bullied at school, was having trouble succeeding in academics and co-curricular activities, and was recently beenRead MoreTeen Suicide Essay605 Words   |  3 PagesDaneshia Alberty Campbell EnglishIII-7 11 February, 2011 Teen Suicide Essay Teen suicide is one of the fastest killers for young teenagers. Every year thousands of teens die in the United States. There are many different reasons of why young teens commit suicide. Family issues, low self-esteem, and bullying are three of the many leading factors towards suicide for teens. Problems at home can cause a teenager to take their lives. Abuse in the home of the teenager can most often establish aRead MoreTeen Suicide, Depressing Isn t It? If You Only Knew?1158 Words   |  5 PagesTeen Suicide, Depressing Isn’t It? If You Only Knew †¦ According to Merriam-Webster online dictionary, suicide is a noun defined as the act of taking your own life because you do not want to continue living. Teenage is a noun defined as relating to people who are between thirteen and nineteen years old (Merriam-Webster). Several factors can lead to a teenager making the decision to commit suicide. When it does happen or an attempt is made, it can be very difficult to pinpoint the reason(s). TeensRead MoreThe Problem Of Teen Suicide1609 Words   |  7 PagesTeen suicide is one of the largest problems facing America at the moment, and it will only become worse if the country does not come up with a solution. â€Å"According to the American Psychiatric Association, suicide is the third leading cause of death for young people between eleven and eighteen years of age (Teen Suicide).† American families can not keep losing sons and daughters to this entirely preventable epidemic. The largest issue with teen suicide is that Americans are using largely outdatedRead MoreRisk Factors of Teenage Suicide1217 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage suicide is a major national public health concern facing America today. Thousands of teenagers commit suicide each year. Many experts believe that teenage suicide is often due to unpredictable circumstances and can be contributed to hormonal impulses. However, recent case findings and statistics prove that this is not necessarily true. Although some teenage suicides may be the result of youthful and impulsive actions, certain risk factors, signs, and symptoms can contribute to self-inflictedRead MoreCanada in a Youth Suicide Crisis Situation Essay1532 Words   |  7 PagesCanada in a Youth Suicide Crisis Situation The idea of youth committing suicide mystifies our societal logic. We do not understand the reasons why youth -normally associated with energy, determination and possibilities- turn to such a final act as a solution. Suicide eventually enters all of our lives, either directly or indirectly. However, the situation becomes more cruel and unfair when a youth commits suicide. We can not help but think of the opportunities and potential lost so swiftlyRead MoreThe Suicide Of Canad Teen Suicide1572 Words   |  7 PagesTeen Suicide in Canada In the modern, technological society we live in today, information can be shared instantaneously. This can usually be seen as a positive, by providing much needed information to the public in times of a crisis, or joyous celebrations of achievements. However, in contrast with the positive aspects there are also negative aspects. Cyber bullying of individuals and incessant harassment of individuals online has become a major problem in societies across the world, leadingRead MoreA Look Inside Teen Suicide Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pagescorner, and the only solution you see, the only way out, is suicide. In the present, it seems that the number of youths that are depressed, hurting themselves and thinking suicidal thoughts are increasing. Youth suicide has slowly been crawling its way up the cause of death list and is now the third leading cause of death in youth from ages ten to twenty-four year olds (Washington State Department of Health â€Å"Teen Suicide†). Youth suicide is a growing social problem that needs to be brought to attentionRead Moreâ€Å"Dying Before Their Time: The Startling Trends in Adolescent Suicide†1217 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP), suicide is the third leading cause of death for adolescents aged 15-24 years old. This calculates to 33,000 adolescents killing themselves each year (CDC, 2010). The National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), reported that suicide amongst all individuals nation wide has declined over all, but despite the decline, adolescents between the ages of 15 and 19 have shown suicide rates that has increased by 6 percent (NCSL, 2005). The mostRead MoreThe Growing Issue Of Suicide904 Words   |  4 PagesOctober 12 The Growing Issue: Suicide Suicide is a very large and growing problem in American teens. It is one of the leading causes of death among adolescents, following accidental injury and coming before homicide, it affects not only the teens that commit suicide but everyone around them, and it can be solved by learning how to deal with the people who are having suicidal. Suicide is the act or instance of taking ones life voluntarily and intentionally. Suicide may seem like something that doesn

School Uniforms, Good Or Bad Essay - 1740 Words

I assume that my readers will be students and parents who don’t agree with school uniforms. They will immediately reject them because to them these uniforms restrict the student s’ freedom of expression. After picking this topic. I wanted to take the negative of it because I want to freely choose the clothes that I want to wear. I didn’t want someone to choose the clothes that I’m going to wear. After, a while of researching this topic, I decided to take the positive side of school uniforms. In fact, these uniforms will help students become more focus in their school work instead of what they re wearing, because they don’t have to worry to fit in with the cool crowd or have to worry if their clothes match. I will try to convince these students and parents that school uniforms have a positive impact. I will give bits of information about the history of school uniforms, and give them some results that will shock them about the impact of school uniform s. School Uniforms, good or bad? What do you think of when seeing a bunch of kids in school uniforms? My first thought is looking at a team. The United States weren’t the first people to develop school uniforms. The first record of school uniforms were in England in 1222. Students at a school were required to wear a uniform called a ‘cappa clausa’, which is a long cloak, opened in the front and tighten with a band. Later on, school uniforms were becoming, â€Å"associated with the upper class as private and preparatoryShow MoreRelatedSchool Uniform Is Good Or Bad?966 Words   |  4 PagesSCHOOL UNIFORMS The school uniform is good or bad? This is a question debated in many schools. School uniforms have many advantages and disadvantages; it depends on the thought and opinion of each person. Some people think that school uniforms display the discipline, obedience of students and it helps students can save time in choosing the outfit every day; it helps poor students have equality with everyone in school; it helps students be distinct from other people and it makes students feel proudRead MoreImportance Of School Uniforms Essay876 Words   |  4 Pagessomething to wear to school the next day? School uniforms are beneficial because first of all, with school uniforms students will fit in with their school and everyone. Second, school uniforms help schools recognize those who do and do not belong on campus. And third, they are cheaper than normal clothes. Some might think that they are boring, but the thing is that school have them in different colors which could make it fun for the stude nts. The first reason why school uniforms are beneficial is becauseRead MoreEssay on Implementation of School Uniforms635 Words   |  3 PagesImplementation of School Uniforms The topic of school uniforms has been highly debated for many years. Many would think it would be the teachers versus the pupils in this debate but they would be wrong, this argument has members from both sides fighting for and against it. In this essay I will look at the topic from both sides and be un-objective in my writing. Many of the arguments made in favour of school uniforms have something to do with the safety of the school communityRead MoreWhy School Uniforms Are Used As A Method Of Assimilation Rather Than Safety845 Words   |  4 PagesAfter analyzing the primary documents it became clear that school uniforms were used as a method of assimilation rather than safety. The documents never mention safety at all but rather distinguish between what is acceptable and unacceptable in a predominately white society. The language and rationale in the primary sources have a strong cultural undercurrent. â€Å"In many classrooms, the dress code looks like this: pants drooped to the midseat, pierced noses, tattoos, revealing camisoles and other perplexingRead MoreDo School Uniforms Help Students? Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve that school uniforms help students achieve good on their health and financial problems? Many people, schools, and even state governments have been in conflict over uniforms every since they went popular to the United States in the 1980s, eve n though they started way before that. Although many opponents might suggest that school uniforms bring improvements, there are too many drawbacks on a school uniform to show that they are nothing more than a bad idea for students everywhere. School uniformsRead MorePros And Cons Of School Uniforms1158 Words   |  5 PagesSchool Uniforms: Are Boomers and Stickers Affecting the Way People See Them? People say that school uniforms are a good thing. They prevent bullying, they are easier for parents to dress younger students, and they help students focus on studying, not what they are wearing. Are school administrators or boomers of the American school systems causing students to become Wendys Berrys version of stickers? Having students wear school uniforms have several pros and cons to them, including the costRead More Supporting School Uniforms Essay1600 Words   |  7 Pageswhether it is right or wrong to be made to wear School uniform is what I will be discussing. This is an issue as people have conflicting views on why we should be forced to wear these clothes. The majority believe this to be a commendable notion whereas some think it isnt worth it. Despite some good points for opposing uniform, my overall view is that it is a good idea. One of the the most debatable and contraversial issues when opposing School uniform is that it removes individual identity. TheRead MorePublic Schools Should Adopt A School Uniform Policy889 Words   |  4 Pagespublic schools should adopt a school uniform policy, and there is a paragraph with a counter argument with school uniforms. There is a discussion on how the crime rate decreases amongst students, how uniforms save the families money, how gang related activities have decreased, and how there is less stress between students and parents. By the time you finish reading this paper, you too should agree that all public schools should adopt a school uniform policy. All Public Schools ShouldRead MorePersuasive Essay On Uniforms752 Words   |  4 PagesUniforms, a very controversial subject in many schools between the student body and administrators. As a student who does have to wear uniforms, I’m well too familiar with the topic. Many of my peers complain about it very often when they don’t see all the positive things that come with it. Personally, I prefer uniforms because they come with a much easier lifestyle and not what I would have if I could wear my own clothes. I think all students should learn to appreciate what uniforms do for themRead MoreSchool Uniforms: Should Everyone Look Like Clones? Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesAre school uniforms good or bad? This is an issue that has been going on for years. There are many different reasons for school uniforms. Some say having a school uniform helps to prevent violence and others say it prevents originality. Some also say it’ll help lower or rise the cost for parents. A common argument today is whether or not uniforms should be enforced in the public school system. One main reason public schools have uniforms / dress code is because in 1996, President Clinton allowed

Face Negotiation Theory By Stella Ting Toomey - 1465 Words

Face-negotiation theory was developed by Stella Ting-Toomey, a professor of Speech Communication at California State University, Fullerton, who earned her Ph.D. from the University of Washington in 1981. She developed the theory after being influenced by the work of Goffman, and Brown and Levinson. Ting-Toomey (1988) states an assumption of face-negotiation theory is that â€Å"people in all cultures try to maintain and negotiate face in all communication situations.† Another assumption of the theory described by Ting-Toomey (1988) is that face is problematic in sensitive interpersonal situations, such as conflict. According to Oetzel and Ting-Toomey (2003), the theory is useful in explaining both differences and similarities in face and facework during conflict situations. Many scholars have researched specific areas regarding face-negotiation theory. The areas mentioned below will focus on the concept of face, conflict, and intercultural situations. The concept of face is important in conflict situations because communicators should protect their own interests, and avoid violating others’ interests during the interaction. Face has many different definitions, written by many different scholars. Ting-Toomey (1988) defines face as â€Å"an individual’s clai med sense of positive image in the context of social interaction (Ting-Toomey, 1988)†. Another definition of face is â€Å"a claimed sense of favorable social self-worth that a person wants others to have of her or him† (Ting-Toomey Show MoreRelatedThe Face-Negotiation Theory and Stella Ting-Toomey Essay1148 Words   |  5 Pagesmany theories which describe different ways people communicate. According to Doctor Thomas Hanitzsch, an associate professor of communication at the University of Munich in Germany, â€Å"Communication Theory is an international forum publishing high quality, original research into the theoretical development of communication from across a wide array of disciplines† (â€Å"Communication Theory†). A specific communication theory that will be highlighted is the Face-Negotiation theory developed by Stella Ting-ToomeyRead MoreThe Theory Was Introduced By Stella Ting Toomey914 Words   |  4 PagesïÆ'Ëœ The theory was introduced by S tella Ting Toomey in 1985, a professor of human communication at California State University. ïÆ'Ëœ It states about the careful and imaginative administration of passionate dissatisfactions because of social or ethnic gathering enrollment character contrasts. ïÆ'Ëœ Negotiating is the to convince people around them to the point they need. ïÆ'Ëœ Negotiation doesn’t mean arguing or creating the point we like. It’s a discussion between people creating an agreementRead MoreFace Negotiation Theory4242 Words   |  17 PagesBn Stella Ting-Toomey 2011 Face-Negotiation Theory: Research and Assessment Stella Ting-Toomey 2011 Face-Negotiation Theory: Research and Assessment Face-Negotiation Theory: Research and Assessment Roberta Beauty Redding University of Louisiana at Lafayette Professor Philip Auter CMCN 384 March 27, 2011 Face-Negotiation Theory: Research and Assessment Roberta Beauty Redding University of Louisiana at Lafayette Professor Philip Auter CMCN 384 March 27, 2011 Face-Negotiation Theory: ResearchRead MoreAn Analysis of American – Chinese Movie ‘Saving Face† by Using Face Negotiation Theory1939 Words   |  8 PagesAn analysis of American – Chinese movie ‘Saving face† by using Face Negotiation Theory Table of contents Face Negotiation Theory 2 An application of face-negotiation theory in the movie â€Å"Saving face† (2004) 3 Advantages and disadvantages of face theory 6 Conclusion 7 References 8 The term â€Å"face-negotiation theory† was first introduced by Stella Ting-Toomey, a Professor of Human Communication Studies at California State University, in 1988 based on amazing works of Goffman in 1955Read MoreJeremy Lin s Cultural Identity1961 Words   |  8 PagesAmericans; however Ting Toomey and Jackson’s identity theory’s show that this actually resulted in Lin becoming a free agent trying to renegotiate his identity by joining a different culture. The theories of Stella Ting Toomey and Ronald L. Jackson II provide relevant and important ways of looking at identity and the shifting changes in identity that will be referenced throughout this paper. These theories include contracts, the five dialectics, negotiation, and power in relation to negotiation. JacksonRead MoreThe Uncertainty Reduction Theory And The Face Negotiation Theory1756 Words   |  8 PagesDuring the course of this paper two communication theories will be reviewed and analyzed. The two theories will first be introduced, followed by comparing and contrasting the implications, assumptions and concepts of both theories. The two communication theories that have been chosen are the Uncertainty Reduction Theory and the Face Negotiation Theory. The theories were not chosen randomly, they were chosen because they both deal with how individuals perceive one another, as well as themselves, inRead MoreThe Second Hofstede Cultural Dimension Compared : Individualism Vs. Co llectivism1643 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Saving Face† is typically more prevalent than in personal interactions. In 1985, Stella Ting-Toomey† developed â€Å"Face Negotiation Theory† which explains how cultural difference in people influence their management of inevitable conflicts (â€Å"Face Negotiation Theory†). It seems logical that â€Å"Facework† is closely correlated with cultural context (Figure 3). As discussed later, the Japanese are classified as a â€Å"high-context culture† which correlates to a face-giving or face supporting culture. Face Giving

Explanation Of The Poem From Snowbound Essay Example For Students

Explanation Of The Poem From Snowbound Essay Explanation of the poem from SnowboundThe main theme of Snowbound is that no-matter what happens, family will be there to help and comfort. This theme is demonstrated widely throughout the poem and even more so in the last stanza of this excerpt. Another, less prominent, theme of Snowbound is the meaning and involvement of God in the lives of people. The first stanza describes the moment before the storm. A chill no coat, however stout, Of homespun stuff could quite shut out, This stanza begins to set up the obstacle that the family must overcome. When Emerson describes the storm as less than treat and then goes on about the intense cold it brings he also is describing God. God is caring and loving but he is also vengeful and just. The second stanza is about the family preparing for the storm. Meanwhile we did our nightly chores, suggests that they were perfectly calm together, everyone knew what to do and they did it. The third stanza is describing the snowstorm beginning; Unwarmed by any sunset light The gray day darkened into nightThe forth stanza tells of how the outside looked after two straight days of snow; And, when the second morning shone, We looked upon a world unknown,The fifth stanza is about the family continuing on with there chores after the storm. Despite all that has happened the family still continues on, quite happily as a matter of fact; Well pleased, (for when did farmer boy Count such a summons less than joy?) This stanza also shows how God is good because even after the snowstorm the animals are all still alive. The sixth stanza describes their solitude and isolation from the outside world. Beyond the circle of our hearthNo welcome sound of toil or mirthUnbound the spell, and testifiedOf human life and thought outsideThe seventh stanza is when the family makes a fire; We watched the first red blaze appear. Surrounded by snow in all directions, they make a fire witch symbolizes hope. The eighth stanza is describing the bitter cold of the outside; Most fitting that unwarming light, Which only seemed whereer it fell To make the coldness visibleThe ninth stanza is the most important of all. It is about the family resting after their day is done. The family is all together relaxing without a care;Shut in from all the world without,We sat the clean-winged hearth about,Content to let the north-wind roarIn baffled rage at pane and door,

Qulitative vs. Quantitative Essay Example

Qulitative vs. Quantitative Essay Qualitative vs. Quantitative In this paper I will be explaining the differences between qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research will help you learn about individuals experiences of emotion and behavior, and explains human behavior into detail. Whereas quantitative research will be in hard numbers, it will provide you with data and is the most common method of research. Qualitative research should, in my opinion, be the most common method of research due to the fact that it focuses on certain individuals with fewer restrictions; the individuals are able to provide data in their own words with subjective information. The researchers could ask the participants about how their life has been so far, or how they think they did in school, and they would respond in their own way, with no numbers, just their own words. Qualitative can also explore new areas of research and build new theories because they ask for people’s opinions. The downside to qualitative research is that it’s difficult to test its hypotheses and theories with large groups. This method of research is only supposed to target smaller, more convenient groups, which is good if that’s your goal but bad if, let’s say, you wanted to find out the percentage of how many people are happy with their lives. With qualitative its very time consuming, unless you have the time for it, but if you don’t then quantitative research might be what you want. There are different methods of qualitative research, such as the action method. We will write a custom essay sample on Qulitative vs. Quantitative specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Qulitative vs. Quantitative specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Qulitative vs. Quantitative specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Action research tries to understand the concerns of people and immediate problem situations. The second one, the case study, is the most common method within the qualitative research. It considers the phenomenon within its real life context. They study many of the different aspects of people. The process of qualitative research is fairly simple, you have to find which questions you want to ask your subjects and collect the relevant data from them and find out how to interpret it, and lastly you just have to write up our findings and conclusions. Quantitative research is what you will most likely come in contact with, in school, at work, in the store, etc. it’s mostly population focused like how on some maps it shows the percentage of different races in each state, and that’s due to quantitative research. Tables, graphs, and other figures would be needed to write out your findings to understand what you tested people or populations on, most of them will be in hard number s with no explanations. Its most commonly used in politics, like for presidential elections for each state and then all is brought together in the end to eventually find out who the new president would be and has the highest credibility with people in power. You can ask your subjects to provide data about themselves such as age, number of people in their families, what their address is, basically anything to do with hard numbers or statistics. Even though it has the highest ratings for research and its most commonly used, it does have its weaknesses. Like, for instance, the knowledge produced by researchers might be too abstract and they could be missing out on the phenomenon by collecting a much narrower data set with being limited to just numbers. Even though quantitative research is the most widely known method of research, it still has some holes in the research that can only be filled by qualitative research. Like within the statistics of quantitative can also be an explanation on how you’ve accumulated your research or you can go into detail about the numbers and what your opinion would be.

Summary of Unnatural Killers by John Grisham essays

Summary of Unnatural Killers by John Grisham essays In the article Unnatural Killers John talks about two horrific acts of violence. He draws a coalition between a murder in Hernando, Mississippi and one in Ponchatoula, Louisiana, both towns being connected by an interstate. On March 7-8, 1995 Bill Savage and Patsy Byers were both murdered. Although no one knew it at the time, a young man named Benjamin Darras, age eighteen, murdered Bill Savage. However Patsy Byers murder was caught on tape. The young woman was latter identified as Sarah Edmonson age nineteen. The two teens were involved in a relationship together. When they were caught Sarahs lawyers reached an immunity agreement [pg. 359] with the prosecuting attorneys. For here immunity she had to testify against Ben [pg. 359]. In her testimony she recalled the events of and leading up to March 7 and 8. One statement in particular was that they had watched the movie Natural Born Killers before they left on the sixth of March. The movie is about two young people that drive around the southwest part of the country killing people. The movie also portrays that they become famous for these killings and are last seen happily rambling down the highway [pg. 359]. Also in her testimony she speaks of how Ben spoke openly of killing people [pg. 360], and how he was quite anxious to kill someone [pg. 360]. She tells how he shot and killed Bill Savage and pressed her repeatedly to kill someone herself [pg. 360]. She told investigators that he said, the feeling of killing was powerful [pg. 360]. Sarah goes on to tell that she did not want to rob the store [pg. 361], she was made to do it and then made to kill Patsy Byers. John goes on to conclude on one thought, Can fault be shared [pg. 361]? He tells that the two teens had never been mixed up in violence. He blames the movie for making fun of murder an...

Police Communications Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Police Communications Technology - Essay Example Historically In terms of historically, Larry Seigel (2009) emphasized the police officers used only batons to keep the peace. With the introduction of the police cars of the 1990s, the police officers were often charged for racial discrimination policies. To prevent the racial discrimination charges, the police officers on duty were required to installation of car cameras. The car cameras would deter the police officers from entertaining any thoughts of abusing the rights of the crime suspects. The police officers’ actions before, during, and after the crime suspects implemented their illegal activities had been recorded in the police camera. The camera tapes are used in the training of new police recruits. The classroom students are made to criticize whether the police officers were at par or below par in terms of preset benchmarks in terms of crime scene investigation. In addition, the international Association of Chiefs of Police (ACP) emphasized the importance of cameras t o record the police officers’ actual handling of each crime scene. Police technology tips the balance of justice towards the peace makers. The article introduction to police technology clearly shows that the criminal syndicates have resorted to technology to bolster their criminal activities. With modern technology, the crime lords would outsmart the police officers. The crime lord daringly implemented their daring illegal activities under the very noses of the Police officers (in the dead of the night). The criminal elements would often use night vision goggles to watch over the encroaching police officers. With the use of emails, websites, and other internet-related technologies, the crime groups would boldly send messages to fellow group members on their next crime targets. The crime syndicates could not be stopped with the use of modern technology. The new set of police officers used modern police technology to track, gather evidences, and apprehend the crime members. Mod ern technology includes the use of modern weapons to counterattack each criminal activity. The use of modern technology included the use of â€Å"spy† devices to track the phone numbers of the crime members. Modern Technology Modern technology includes the use of satellites to locate a criminal’s car hurriedly escaping into the thick of the night sky into hiding. Modern technology uses the person’s body as a guide to easily locate a person who runs away from the crime scene to avoid being caught taking drugs or selling trucks. Modern technology includes the use of high technology customer care. In terms of technology, William Schwabe (2001) reiterated the old technologies that need replacements include radio equipment, training equipment, administrative systems, accounting systems, computers in the workplace, audio-visual equipment, crowd or riot control, protective gloves, helmets, shields, ballistic and stab resistant armor, integrated data bases of criminal m inds and criminal groups in the community, conference call equipment, and cellular phones. Robert Snow (2007) theorized Modern technology includes the latest in fingerprinting technology. The Sacramento, California police department uses the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS). The program can access the police

Personal journal entry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Personal journal entry - Essay Example However, all the formatting methods must adhere to the required method selected by the institution for consistency. If these standards were not available, there would be chaos in writing because many methods of writing would be available and that would these would not be following a particular consistent strategy making it difficult to communicate between different individuals. In fact, there would be no communication because the formatting methods applied enable understanding and consistency. The audience determines the content and how the message needs to be delivered. One cannot generalise the message and the audience because every message must have be tailored to a specific audience. Selection of words while writing can depends on the formality, so that if the audience has high level of formality it is important to avoid using words with similar denotation that have different connotations like â€Å"aren’t mad† and â€Å"are not angry.† In terms of tone, the appropriate tone of word selected should match with the purpose of that word with the audience. The tone relates to emotion, attitude, seriousness, or humour. One should use humour when it is appropriate and resonate with the audience. The most important part is to avoid using slang word or using personal digressions in any form of

The element copper

The element copper Introduction Copper, elemental symbol Cu, is a transition d-block metal, and is the least reactive of the first row metals. Copper can have the oxidation states +1 and +2 and can form many complexes with various ligands. The Cu 2+ ion, at low concentrations, is an essential element to plant and animal life, and a human adult has a required daily intake of 3-5mg. [1] The richest nutritional sources of copper are; animal livers, shellfish, dried fruit, nuts and chocolate. [2] A human who lacks copper can develop a deficiency and in some cases this can result in anaemia, and Wilsons disease (copper accumulates in tissues which leads to neurological symptoms and liver disease). [1] A human adult contains roughly 100mg of copper, [1] most of which are attached to proteins and found in tissues, with high concentrations found in the liver and muscles. Eventhough copper is very useful, and required for a variety of process, for example; formation of haemocyanin (oxygen carrying proteins in molluscs), at high concentrations copper ions can be toxic and harmful. To avoid copper-induced toxicity most organisms use a combination of copper-regulated import inhibition and extraction of copper through specific export mechanisms. In mammals, copper is partially detoxified by sequestration in the metal- binding metallothioneins or export via the copper-translocating ATPases. [3] Use of copper in the human body and cells Copper has many roles in the human body and it plays a vital role in a range of chemical reactions that are essential to human health and development. Copper is distributed to several areas in the body so it can be used in various ways. Copper plays a major part in the conversion of iron to its useable Fe (III) form and also helps transport iron around the body. Copper is needed for the synthesis of collagen, a protein found in human skin, which maintains elasticity. [4] As a cofactor for the enzyme tyrosinase; copper is involved in the synthesis of the skin pigment melanin. Copper is also key for the development of the brain and nervous system as it plays a role in the production and maintenance of myelin, which insulates nerve cells thus ensuring the transmission of nerve impulses. Copper is also involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, chemicals that allow communication between nerve cells. [5] Within cells the generation of energy (ATP), inside the mitochondria, depends on the involvement of a copper-containing enzyme. [4] Another vital function for the copper as a cofactor is the neutralisation of free radicals that would otherwise oxidise and destroy healthy cells. [6] More specific examples; Cytochrome c oxidase The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase, a large transmembrane protein complex found in the mitochondrion, is the last enzyme in the respiratory electron transport chain. It contains two heme centres called cytochromes a and a3, as well as two copper atoms. The copper sites, CuA and CuB, are associated with cytochromes a and a3, respectively. CuA is liganded by two cysteines and two histidines (Fig 1.0). The heme of cytochrome a is liganded by imidazole rings of histidine residues. CuB and the iron atom of cytochrome a3 are located close to each other and this closely coupled pair of metal ions is referred to as a binuclear centre (Fig 1.1). [7] [8] The copper sites play a part in electron transfer by switching between the Cu- state and the Cu2+ state. Reduction of one oxygen molecule requires passage of four electrons through carriers. Electrons from cytochrome c are transferred to CuA sites and then passed to the heme iron of cytochrome a. The electron pathway continues as CuB accepts a single electron from cytochrome a. A second electron then reduces the iron centre to Fe2+, leading to the binding of O2 and the formation of a peroxy bridge between heme a3 and CuB. This amounts to the transfer of two electrons from the binuclear centre to the bound O2. The next step involves uptake of two H+ and a third electron, which leads to cleavage of the O-O bond and generation of Fe4+ at the heme. Uptake of a fourth e- facilitates formation of ferric hydroxide at the heme centre. In the final step of the cycle, protons from the mitochondrial matrix are accepted by the coordinated hydroxyl groups, and the resulting water molecules dissoc iate from the binuclear centre. [9] Summary reaction: 4 Fe2+ -cytochrome c + 8 H+ + O2 ? 4 Fe3+ -cytochrome c + 2 H2O + 4 H+ [7] Haemocyanin Hemocyanins are a type of respiratory protein in the form of metalloproteins containing two copper atoms. The deoxy-form of a haemocynin is colourless and contains Cu (I), while O2 binding results in the blue Cu (II) form. [10] Hemocyanins carry oxygen in the blood of some molluscs (e.g. snails, whelks) and some arthropods including crabs and lobsters. They are second only to haemoglobin in biological popularity of use in oxygen transport. Hemocyanins are found suspended in the hemolymph, and arent bound to blood cells like haemoglobin. [11] Contained within the metalloprotein are two neighbouring non-bonded Cu (I) centres, each of which is bound by three histidine residues. [11] Fig 1.2 shows the binding of oxygen in relation to the copper sites. Tyrosinase Tyrosinase is an enzyme, which contains copper, and is present in plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine. [12] The reaction includes the reduction of the copper by an o-dipfenol. This reaction is followed by reaction of the intermediate with dioxygen to yield a highly reactive intermediate complex that is broken down by the substrate to form water and the required product. [2] Catechol oxidase Catechol oxidase is a copper-containing enzyme whose activity is like that of tyrosinase. Catechol oxidase carries out the oxidation of phenols such as catechol, using dioxygen. In the presence of catechol, benzoquinone is formed (reaction below). [14] In this reaction hydrogens are removed from catechol and combine with oxygen to form a molecule of water. Superoxide Dismutase One of the most important enzymes involved in removing free radicals from the human body is superoxide dismutase (SOD). Its function is to defend and protect cells against molecular damage from oxygen. SOD is located in two places within the cells, the mitochondria and the cytoplasm. The SOD that is found in the mitochondria contains manganese, and the SOD found in the cytoplasm contains copper and zinc. [15] This enzyme catalyzes the dismutation, (a reaction involving a single substance but producing two products), [16] of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. For each two superoxides that are encountered by the SOD, one hydrogen peroxide is formed. One molecule of super oxide has their extra electron removed by SOD, and places it on the other super oxide molecule. [17] Therefore one ends up with one less electron, forming normal oxygen, and the other ends up with an extra electron. [15] The superoxide molecule, with the extra electron, then quickly picks up two hydrogen ion s to form hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is a dangerous compound, as it transforms easily into the reactive hydroxyl radical, so the cell uses the enzyme catalase to detoxify it, producing water and oxygen. [15] An example of a reaction of an SOD protein containing copper; Cu2 + SOD- + O2- Ã   Cu1 + SOD- +O2 Cu1 + SOD- +O2- +2H+ Ã   Cu2 + SOD + H202. In this reaction the oxidation state of the copper changes between +1 and +2. [15] Toxicity of copper At high concentrations copper can be toxic to the human body and to cells. Problems can also develop if the body doesnt have enough copper or the copper cant be efficiently used within the human body. [18] People can have three different copper imbalances, which can make a person; copper-toxic, copper-deficient, or develop a condition called biounavailable copper. People who are fast oxidisers need more copper in theirs bodies. Slow oxidisers often have excessive copper in their bodies, therefore more prone to copper imbalance. [18] Biounavailable copper refers to when copper is in excess in the body, but it cannot be utilized well. Biounavailability often occurs due to a deficiency of the copper-binding proteins, metallothionein. Without sufficient binding proteins, copper ions may flow around the body, where it may gather in the liver and brain. [18] Copper has certain places where it accumulates in the body referred to as target organs, these are, the liver first, then the brain. Copper may affect any organ or system of the body. However, it usually affects major systems and organs like; the nervous system, connective tissues such as hair, skin and nails and organs like the liver. [18] How do cells protect themselves against copper toxicity? Metallothioneins Figure 1Cells control the movement of copper across its membranes, maintaining the amount needed for biological functions while avoiding excess toxic levels. [19] Among the many factors required to achieve this equilibrium of highly toxic levels and the amount needed, are the metallochaperones, a family of proteins that transfers metal ions to specific intracellular locations where metalloenzymes bind to the metal ions and use them as cofactors to carry out essential biochemical reactions. [9] Knowledge of the transportation of copper to its final destination has increased with the identification of two proteins involved in Cu trafficking in yeast: Atx1 and Cox17. [20] The uptake of Cu in yeast starts with reduction by a plasma membrane reductase. The reduced copper is then transported across the membrane by the Cu transporter Ctrl. Three different proteins transport Cu from Ctrl to three different locations within the cell: Cox17, takes Cu to the mitochondria for incorporation into the cytochrome c oxidase (Sco); Ccs targets Cu to CuZnSOD, a primary antioxidant enzyme; and Atx1 directs Cu to a post-Golgi compartment, by way of Ccc2, a P-type ATPase transmembrane Cu transporter, for final insertion into Fet3, a multicopper oxidase. [20] The Cu transport mechanisms described, in figure 1.4, are active when concentrations of copper are low, and some arent used/ needed when the concentration of copper is very high in the medium. Therefore, yeast strains missing the gene for C ox17 cannot respire in normal growth media because CCO is Cu deficient, but are rescued when the medium is made 0.4% CuSO4. [20] Increasing the Cu concentration in the medium means Cu can be delivered to the Fet3 oxidase in yeast strains missing the gene for Atx1. These results show that Cox17 or Atx1 is required for proper Cu trafficking when Cu levels are high and that their presence is not required to detoxify Cu. [9] Cu-ATPases ATPase pumps are involved in the movement and translocation of ions (Na+, K+), and a variety of metal ions such as copper. The pumps that translocate metal ions are referred to as P-type ATPases. These Ptype ATPases, including the copper ATPases, are highly conserved from bacteria to humans. The Menkes ATPase translocase (MNK) is largely involved in the transfer and detoxification, of copper ions. Defects in this P-type pump lead to a fatal copper-deficiency disease in humans called Menkes syndrome. MNKs activity appears to be regulated by the metal it exports, copper. The composition and sequence of the metal binding domain of the Menkes ATPase (MNKr) is distinct from metallothioneins, which have major folds organized or stabilized by Cu (I) ions. The Menkes protein functions to export excess copper and is reversibly metalloregulated through the specialized copper-binding sites in the amino end of the protein. The metalloregulation couples the cellular export of copper to the intrac ellular concentration of copper ions. [3] Conclusion As seen in this report copper is very useful and needed in the body for a variety of different reactions and functions. Its a key part of many enzymes such as; cytochrome c oxidase, Tyrosinase, Catechol oxidase and superoxide dismutase. Therefore copper is a key role in the formation of cellular energy (ATP), using cytochrome c oxidase in the electron transport chain. Copper also plays a key role in the production of myelin and neurotransmitters and therefore is essential in the development of the nervous system. Another way in which copper has been proven to be important in the human body is in the production of melanin and collagen, essential proteins in the skin. However this report has shown that at high levels copper can be toxic and can cause problems within the human body. Copper can accumulate within vital organs and affect and damage major systems. To tackle this problem of accumulation cells contain unique proteins within their membranes that help regulate and remove copper, from inside the cell, if the levels are becoming excessive. These proteins are called metallothioneins and have specific binding sites for copper atoms (and other mineral/metals) to attach to. The mechanism, of the uptake and removal, is complicated and involves the transfer of copper ions between certain proteins along three different pathways. These methods are outlined in this report. References Chemistry of the Elements 2nd Edition, N N Greenwood and A Earnshaw, Butterworth Heinemann Biological Roles of Copper, Ciba Foundation Symposium 79 (new series) 1980 www.ajcn.org http://resources.schoolscience.co.uk www.anyvitamins.com/copper www.vitamins-nutrution.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome_c_oxidase http://metallo.scripps.edu www.jbc.org www.hull.ac.uk/chemistry/bioinorganic http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemocyanin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinase www.science-projects.com/Tyrosinase.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechol_oxidase www.whyweage.com www.mondofacto.com www.rcsb.org www.drlwilson.com/articles/copper_toxicity_syndrome.htm Science Magazine 1999, Volume 284, pages 748-749 Science Magazine 1997, volume 278, pages 817-818

Graduation Speech :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Hi, my name is Mary Smith, and I want to welcome you all to the County High School graduation ceremony tonight. I came to County High School four years ago. As soon as I walked onto the campus I knew it was the right place for me. In fact if I were to describe CHS in one word it would be "family." Everyone here, students and staff, are the most understanding, supportive and encouraging group of people you could find. It is because of my "family" that I am graduating today. My journey to this day has been filled with many challenges. I dropped out of school thinking that I did not need a high school diploma to accomplish the things I wanted in life. That was a mistake. Finding myself behind in credits, I enrolled in FAHS hoping to get back on track. The foundation for success was here. But soon after, I became pregnant and left school again. I was able to return to school because of the daycare at FAHS. I was more motivated this time around to find my dream of graduating. But my road took another unexpected turn leaving me a teen mom now to two. Once again with the help of the FAHS daycare I returned to school With the support of my "family" my dream is becoming a reality. All of the other students here have stories of their own to tell. Stories of what brought them to FAHS, stories of what kept them here and stories of the obstacles they have had to overcome in their lives. They are about tragedy and triumph, success and failure and of will and determination to follow their dreams. It has been the dream of each and every student here tonight to graduate and that dream is finally coming true. To my fellow graduates, I encourage you to continue to dream big. Whatever your goal is in life - dream to the next level. Believe me when I tell you that you can go farther than you think you can go. People who fail to dream do so because they cannot believe their dreams will come true. Never stop dreaming. James Dean once said, "Dream as if you'll live forever. Live as if you'll die today." On behalf of my fellow graduates, I would like to extend a special thanks to the staff at FAHS. You had so much faith in all of us.

Banana Peel as Shoe Polish Essay

INTRODUCTION Shoe polish is a product used to shine, polish, and protect leather footwear. Polishing shoes will increase their life span. In present times, everybody always use shoe polishers for their shoes to look presentable and fabulous to walk with attractive thus boosting more confidence to its beholder. But no everyone knows that traditional shoe polish which are available in market made of harmful chemical and synthetic ingredients which has a bad door. Since it uses petroleum as it’s basis it is also flammable which makes it dangerous to human health and may cause some hazards like fires. The banana peel is known for its antifungal and antibiotic properties. The peel is also loaded with a lot of Vitamins, minerals and fiber Many articles and pamphlets say that banana peel is even effective in shining and smoothening surfaces like shoes made up of leather. There are many advocacies promoting environment preservation and restoration. This may help in these advocacies. Because the main ingredient was just banana peel so that will lessen the production of biodegradable garbage.And also,the product will cost lesser than those of commercial because only the tools and some additives are need to be bought, so we can assume convenience to those who will buy our product. It may also emit the old tradition of just throwing banana peel instead they can collect it and donate for us to transform it into a more useful and effective product which happen to be the banana floor polisher. Main Problem How feasible is the production of Shinana in terms of management, operation, technical, and socio-economic aspects? Specifically, this proposal will answer the following questions: 1. Management Aspects a) What is the name of the company? b) What is the Vision? c) What is the Mssion? d) What form of ownership is applied? e) What are the advantages of that form of business? f) What are the organizational policies or procedures? 2. Marketing Aspects a) What is the product description? b) Who are the target markets? c) How will the product be priced? d) How much is the expected return of investment? e) Are there freebies or discounts offered? f) Who are the business competitors? g) What marketing strategies are applicable? h) What are the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats? 3. Operational & Technical Aspects a) What are the uses/ functions/descriptions of the material or equipment? b) What are the steps in coming up with the product? 4. Socio-Economic Aspects a) How can the product help the people? b) How can it help the society? c) How will the government be benefited? CHAPTER 2 MANAGEMENT ASPECT This chapter deals with the five different processes of management which are planning,organizing,staffing, directing, and controlling. Shinana, a word combination of the first three letters of the word SHINE and the last four letters of the word BANANA, was chosen as the company name because obviously, the name itself signifies â€Å"Making things shine through banana.As envisioned by the entrepreneur, Shinana, a product for shoe beautification will make everyone’s shoes shine with the natural shoe-shining quality banana peelings possess. The entrepreneur had come up with product because she had been exposed to Science Congress/Exhibits during her highschool days in UNIDA Christian Colleges.The said events shows the school’s students impressive innovative products, discovery, and research studies. Luckily, the entrepreneur had the chance to be one of the participants of the said Congress.Banana peel as shoe shine concept emerged from the said event. Since banana peelings are only thrown-out after its fruit has been taken off,our company thougths that we can help the society through abolishing the traditional manner of disposing its peelings and process it to a more useful  form which is SHINANA. VISION The leading supplier in shoe beautification industry in the Philippines acknowledge for the creation of innovative shoe shine products that complements not only consumer needs and wants but also the environment’s needfor careful preservation and protection. MISSION Our enterprise shall provide efficient, eco-friendly, and quality shoe shine products locally through efficient use and systematic production of shoe shine products with banana peelings as its main raw material. FORM OF OWNERSHIP Shinana is a sole proprietorship form of business. The owner is A-Zmyn T. Honrado.Once it makes name in the industry, it can expand its product line(will be able to offer variety of shoeshine products ),can develop new products like floor wax, sprays,disinfectants,varnish,colored wax polish made from banana peelings and other organic materials. ADVANTAGES OF SOLE OWNERSHIP Advantages of Sole Proprietor Form of Business: The formation of sole proprietorship business is very easy and simple. The entrepreneur owns all and risks all. The entire profit goes to his pocket. This motivates the proprietor to put his heart and soul in the business to earn more profit. Thus, the direct relationship between effort and reward motivates the entrepreneur to manage the business more efficiently and effectively. The entrepreneur takes all decisions affecting the business.This results in better control of the business and ultimately leads to efficiency. Thus, the entrepreneur as sole proprietor can arrive at quick decisions concerning the business by which he can take the advantage of any better opportunities. Each and every aspect of the business is looked after by the proprietor and the business secrets are known to him only.Thus, the maintenance of adequate secrecy leaves no scope to his competitors to be aware of the business secrets. The sole proprietorship business is undertaken on a small scale. If any change is required in business  operations, it is easy and quick to bring the changes. The cost of formation of a sole proprietorship is the minimum because no cost is involved in its formation. The management of the business is also inexpensive as no specialists are normally appointed in various functional areas of the business. The dissolution of the sole proprietorship is also very easy. Since the proprietor is the supreme authority and no regulations are applicable for closure of the business he can dissolve his business any time he likes. ORGANIZATIONAL POLICIES AND PROCEDURES All individuals pass a verification procedure, including the completion of an â€Å"Employment Verification Form†, before they are permitted to work. Harassment in employment, including sexual, racial, and ethnic harassment, as well as any other harassment forbidden by law, is strictly prohibited by the Company The Company does not discriminate, and does not permit its employees to discriminate against other employees or applicants because of race,color,religion, sex, etc. Employees are prohibited from engaging in web logging or â€Å"blogging† during working time or while using Company-equipment Periodic evaluations may be made to determine your individual progress, training needs, and potential pay increases. Pay increases are not automatic and depend on factors such as the employee’s demonstrated job proficiency and the Company’s ability to pay. When present employees are qualified and as justified by our Company needs and growth, the Company offers as many opportunities for promotions as possible. Plant/Office Personnel normally scheduled 8 hours per shift, 40 hours per week. Habitual or excessive absenteeism and tardiness cannot be tolerated. Employees are required to record their own time in and out Employees shall clock in and out on time, but not earlier/later than 4 minutes before their scheduled starting work time . Safety is everybody’s business Head Protection: Employees exposed to flying or falling objects and/or electrical shock and burns shall be safeguarded by means of approved head protection. Eye and Face Protection: Employees working in locations where eye hazards due to flying particles, hazardous substances or injurious light  rays are inherent in the work or environment shall be safeguarded by and shall use employer-provided face or eye protection with Suitable screens or shields isolating the hazardous exposure shall safeguard nearby employees. The wearing of contact lens is prohibited in working environments having harmful exposure to materials or light flashes. Body Protection: Body protection from hazardous or flying substances shall be provided by clothing appropriate for the work being done. Hand Protection: Gloves may be required for employees whose work exposes hands to hazardous substances, cuts or burns. Foot Protection: Appropriate foot protection shall be required for employees who are exposed to foot injuries from hot, corrosive, poisonous substances, falling objects, crushing or penetrating actions, which may cause injuries. Ear Protection: Ear Protection must be worn in Production areas. For safety reasons, smoking of tobacco products and drinking alcohol beverages is not permitted. Floors shall be kept clean and dry. Floors and platforms shall be kept free of projections, obstructions, holes and loose All control buttons and switches shall be properly identified as to their function and purpose. All shall Return tools and equipment to proper storage place after use. No jewelry, long hair or loose clothing is allowed around any machinery while operating. MANAGEMENT & PERSONNEL 1.Marketing head/Sole owner a.Creates promotional strategy for the products demandability. b. Sees if the product meet the customer’s need. c.Formulates the raw material combination through extensive researches d.Sees if the company is profitable or not using accounting principles 2.Production Manager a. Supervises all the production staffs b.Creates weekly reports to be submitted to the marketing head regarding the developments in production process. c.Schedules his/her subordinates break/meal time. d.Controls the quality of the finished product before proceeding to the packaging process. 3.Production staff a. Scrapes the white part of banana peel b.Mixes all the ingredients c.Operates on plastic squeezer equipment to pack the finished products. CHAPTER 3 MARKETING ASPECT This chapter involves understanding the target market,their likes and dislikes, the marketing strategies implemented and how the customers evaluated the product. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Shinana is a product used to shine, polish, and protect leather footwear thereby extending it’s life. It comes in various forms, including wax, paste, cream, and liquid, and can be applied in many different ways. TARGET MARKETS Shinana’s target markets are all who have leather shoes.Be it a professional,students,businesswoman/man,teacher, mother ,father, sister, brother.In short, everyone who wants to look presentable by polishing their shoes. FREEBIES AND DISCOUNTS 10% Discount are available to those who will buy in boxes which contains 10 pcs of Shinana.Thus , from the original price of Php 50.00, the buyer can avail it for only Php45.00 instead.The buyer can save Php 5.00 each box. Similarly, those who will buy 1000 pcs, can save up to Php 500.00.From the original price of Php 5000.00, buyers can avail it for only Php4500.00. BUSINESS COMPETITORS Obviously, the number and only one competitor is KIWI, owned by Sara Lee.Prior to the introduction of the Company’s Product Shinana.KIWI monopolized the shoe beautification industry.Since Kiwi have been operating for more than century. They run print advertisements in a variety of national magazines. The Kiwi ads are printed in bright red, matching the color in the background of the brand’s logo. The Kiwi campaign is running in magazines like Black Enterprise, Car andDriver, Cargo, Ebony, Esquire, Men’s Fitness, National Geographic etc..Most of the new product launches of Kiwi was in line with the changing consumer preferences. MARKETING STRATEGIES In order for Shinana to be known to the public, the company will run printed advertisements such as flyers, posters.The company will also make online pages on websites like Facebook, Twitter,and Multiply that will entertain prospect/future customers’ inquiry about such product. Please see  attachments in the Appendix. SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS Shoe polish usually is a mixture of natural and synthetic materials. Cosmetic shoe polish of various dangerous ingredients. These chemicals can be easily absorbed through the skin causing potential harm to the skin and other organs of the body . It is essential that in using shoe polish, one must wear gloves when doing so, one must not drink alcohol while polishing shoes (it can increase the effects of certain chemicals), and must keep all shoe polish out of reach of children and animal companions. If used, shoe polish should be used in a well-ventilated area, and all of the product shoud be used, with any residual being discarded or given to someone who will use it. When disposed, shoe polish needs to be handled as a hazardous househould substance. Rags or clothes used that come in contact with the shoe polish should also be immediately discarded. While some shoe polished claim to be non-toxic, most do not list their ingredients, so it is impossible to know that they are truly free of dangerous chemicals. But now,through the introduction of Shinana, an eco-friendly shoe polish, Consumers can minimize the health hazards brought by using traditional polishers. The ingredients of Shinana contains no harmful chemicals thereby not endangering someone’s health. Because it doesn’t contains expensive harmful chemicals and only need banana peel that are only thrown out after the fruit has been taken off, its price is cheaper than that of the traditional shoe polish.Shinana, as have said earlier, is an eco-friendly product for it requires no proper disposal since it is all natural. WEAKNESSES Because Shinana is all-natural, it perishes faster than that of the traditional shoe polish. Salt is the only preservative Shinana has, and according to tests,a bottle of Shinana last only for one and a half month that rendered our product,in comparison to traditional old polish , less convenient to its users. Shinana was only owned by A-Zmyn T. Honrado, a student, who has still no enough capital for the regularization of conducting business.Thus, Shinana is short-lived business on the grounds of economic constraint.And also, the owner still lack skills, profession,talent  needed to pursue the business since she was only a second year student taking Business Management. OPPORTUNITIES Banana is very much common in the Philippines. It is one of the oldest cultivated plants and is grown in at least 107 countries, primarily for their fruit, and to a lesser extent to their peelings .Banana peelings cost nothing(see product pricing), like in the entrepreneur’s case. Many banana cue,turon, saging con yelo, halo-halo prevailed the market.The owner sees that peeling are only throwned after the fruit has been taken off for we all know that many of us don’t prefer to eat banana peelings aside from its fruit,though the former is edible. This poses a great opportunity for the entrepreneur to make efficient use of that disposed banana peelings that’s why she came up with the product. THREATS Due to some innovation of ideas, leather shoes are now being replaced by plastic shoes that is relatively cheaper than that of the leather shoes. Many prefer plastic shoes since it is durable even the it is raining.And because many prefer plastic over leather shoes, shoe polish demandability decreases.Luckily,the company is on its way in formulating shoe polish product for plastic shoe. Another is that, the company has no definite suppliers,the number of products that can be produced is dependent on the number of banana peelings collected from anywhere.There’s no control over the resources since they are only donated,not bought CHAPTER4 OPERATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ASPECT This includes all the factors of the production and the processes MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT MATERIALS: 100 g banana peelings1tbspoon rock salt 2 g black dye coloring powder TOOLS Picture of Tools Description/Function Mortar and pestle Mortar is a round bottom thick walled container in which a solid material may be grinned while pestle is a long cylindrical wide based rod used for grinding in mortar Stirring rod A stirring rod or stir rod is a piece of laboratory equipment usually made of solid glass, about the thickness and slightly longer than a drinking straw, with rounded ends that is used to mix chemicals and liquids for laboratory purposes. Plastic cup A plastic cup is a disposable cup made out of plastic. It is most commonly used as a container to hold liquids. Plastic spoon A plastic utensil consisting of a small, shallow bowl on a handle, used in preparing, serving, or eating food. Steel Fork A metal utensil with two or more prongs, used for eating or serving food. EQUIPMENT Picture of Equipment Description/Function Handy plastic sealer A 1-foot long electrical equipment that uses principle of pressure in order to seal plactics. OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE: 1. Scrape the white part of the banana peel with the use of steel fork. 2. Mash the peeling with mortar and pestle. 3. Pour in the salt and mix it with the peelings. 4. Pour in the black dye powder and mix it with the peeling-salt mixture. 5. Put the finished product in its packaging. CHAPTER 5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT SHINANA AND THE PEOPLE According to some news,unemployment and underemployment rate in the Phillipines continue to increase yearly.There are many who have the skills,talents,profession but there’s no position to fill with.The establishment of the company will provide employment to many if given the chance to expand its operation. And also, Shinana helped the people by providing their needs for shoe beautification needs in an eco-friendly and natural way. It will also provide for people’s demand for inexpensive goods for,the product will cost lesser than those of commercial because only the tools and some additives are need to be bought, so we can assume convenience to those who will buy the company’s product. Shinana also may help those who ventured in banana fruit businesses,since the company will be the one responsible for the disposal of the peelings.So we can assume convenience to them particularly in disposing these useful peelings. SHINANA AND THE SOCIETY We all know that our country is in economic crisis.Resources are scarce yet our needs and wants are umlimited.so mean to say, we should make out of everything.Shinana can help the society by giving some concrete response to many advocacies promoting environment preservation and restoration.Shinana may help in these advocacies because the main ingredient was just banana peel so that will lessen the production of biodegradable garbage. It may also emit the old tradition of just throwing banana peel instead they can collect it and donate to the company for the company to transform it into a more useful and effective product which happen to be the banana shoe polisher. The Department of Health, issues emergency instructions regarding the INHALATION,EYE CONTACT,SKIN CONTACT of shoe polish. Another is that,In Los Angeles and most other places, shoe polish is disallowed in the regular trash. It must be disposed of as a hazardous material like mercury, because it often contains materials like naphtha and turpentine. Shinana can help the society, particularly by meeting the needs for a chemical-free shoe  polish as replacement to the traditional shoe polish which is full of dangerous chemicals.Shinana gave way to reusing the peel to polish the shoe through oils and the potassium present in banana polish that can preserve ones shoes. After the oils and potassium has been scraped from the peel,the company will compost the peel. Through Shinana, we can have polished shoes without damaging the society’s well-beingand without endangering the environment, leaving behind zero packaging waste. SHINANA AND THE GOVERNMENT Government promotes business activity in the Philippines for it will have a drastic effect in the economic health of the country. The more the business activities the faster is the circulation of the Philippine Currency.The more the business activity, spending prevails over saving.Shinana can help the government by conforming to these economic programs initiated by the government. Another is that, our company, if will be given a chance to expand its operations will be able to export Shinana that will eventually become not only as a source of pride for the Filipinos but will also help in increasing the country’s GDP or Gross Domestic product which is one of the measure of our country’s economic performance. Lastly, government will be benefited because businesses are required to register the business.They collect such registration fees, licences fees.Another is that, because of the inherent power of the state, the company are required to pay taxes to the government that are used for the government to defray their necessary expenses.

Week 1 Sci 151 Essay - 1268 Words

Complete the outline following the instructions above. Use the example as a guide, using complete sentences for all subpoints. 1. Our place in the universe a. The modern view of the universe 1) What is our Sun and what is its role in the solar system? a. The Sun is a fairly ordinary but large star. b. The Sun is the focal point of our solar system, because all of the planets orbit the Sun. 2) What is our Milky Way galaxy and the sun’s position in it? a. The Milky Way galaxy is where our solar system is located in the universe. b. The Milky Way galaxy is home to over 100 billion stars and the Sun is one of those stars. 3) What is the Big Bang and what does it say about the age of the universe? a. The Big Bang is when the†¦show more content†¦Compare that to fast things in day-to-day life. a. The Earth revolves around the Sun about 60,000 miles per hours. b. This could be similar to driving a race car as fast as possible around an oval type track. 2) How is our Sun moving in the galaxy? a.)The Sun is moving by orbiting the center of the galaxy. b.) The Sun makes this revolution every 230 million years 3) How are the galaxies around the Milky Way galaxy moving from our point of view? a. The galaxies around the Milky Way galaxy are moving farther away. b. The farther away a galaxy is the faster it appears to be moving away. c. Space is constantly expanding and this somewhat pushes galaxies farther away. 2. The sky and the science of astronomy a. Explain the significance of the celestial sphere. 1) What important directions and coordinate systems help you find your way around the sky? 2) Why are there different brightness of stars and how do we describe their brightness as compared to one another? a. Stars may appear brighter because they are burning hotter than other stars around them. b. Some stars may appear brighter because they are larger than other stars. 3) What are constellations? a. Constellations are defined regions within the sky. b. Patterns in stars help locate these regions. 4) What is Polaris and what is its significance in the sky? a. Polaris is commonly known as the North Star. b. Polaris is the closestShow MoreRelatedBasics of Astronomy Outline993 Words   |  4 PagesSCI/151 Week 1 Assignment Basics of Astronomy Outline I. Our place in the universe A. The modern view of the universe 1. The Sun is a star in our solar system that generates heat and light to our planet, Earth through nuclear fusion. 2. Our Milky Way galaxy is an island of stars in space with hundreds of billions of stars like our Sun. 3. The Big Bang is a theory of when the universe started expanding about 14 billion years ago. 4. 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